Cancer
Spinal Tumours: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment
A spinal tumour is a mass of abnormal cells that grows inside the spinal canal, within the spinal cord itself, or in the bones of …
Canada Health Journal
Cancer
Evidence-based health articles written and reviewed by licensed Canadian physicians.
Cancer
Spinal Cord Tumours: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
The spine does much more than hold your body upright. It protects your spinal cord — a long bundle of nerve fibres that carries …
Cancer
Benign Tumours: Can They Turn Into Cancer?
A tumour is any abnormal growth of cells in the body. Not all tumours are cancer. Benign tumours do not invade nearby tissue and …
Cancer
Jaw Tumours: Types, Symptoms & Treatment Options
A jaw tumour is a mass of tissue caused by the abnormal, uncontrolled growth of cells in or around the mandible.
Cancer
Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumours: A Patient Guide
Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumours grow from special hormone-producing cells in the lining of the digestive tract.
Cancer
Cancer of Unknown Primary: Causes, Types & Treatment
In most cancers, doctors can trace the disease back to a single organ or tissue where it began.
Cancer
Liver Cancer Treatment: How Sorafenib Is Saving Lives
A promising liver cancer treatment called Sorafenib (brand name Nexavar) has shown remarkable results in a major clinical study.
Cancer
Lung Cancer: Causes, Symptoms & Treatments
Lung cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrolled in the lungs. These cells can form tumours in the bronchial tubes (the …
Cancer
Teratoma: Types, Symptoms, and Treatment
A teratoma is a rare type of tumour that can contain different kinds of tissue — including hair, teeth, bone, or muscle.
Cancer
Paraneoplastic Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Paraneoplastic syndrome is not a single disease. It is a collective term for a range of conditions that develop as a side effect …
Cancer
Cancer Diet: Nutrition Guide for Cancer Patients
A cancer diet is one of the most important — and often overlooked — parts of cancer care. What you eat during treatment can affect …
Cancer
Radical Prostatectomy: Robotic Surgery for Prostate Cancer
Radical prostatectomy is a surgical procedure that removes the entire prostate gland. The surgeon also removes both seminal …
Cancer
Early Cancer Symptoms: Warning Signs to Know
Recognizing early cancer symptoms can make a real difference in your health outcomes. Cancer is not one single disease — it is a …
Cancer
Malignant Pleural Effusion: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Your lungs sit inside a two-layered membrane called the pleura. Normally, a small amount of fluid keeps these layers moist and …
Cancer
Osteosarcoma: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that destroys healthy bone tissue as it grows. It most often appears near the knee — at the …
Cancer
Nephrosclerosis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Nephrosclerosis — also called renal sclerosis or nephroangiosclerosis — refers to the hardening and thickening of the small …
Cancer
Bone Metastases: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment
Cancer begins in one part of the body. Over time, cancer cells can break away and travel through the bloodstream or lymphatic …
Cancer
Lymphedema: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Your body has a network of vessels and nodes called the lymphatic system. This system moves a clear fluid called lymph through …
Cancer
Chemotherapy Side Effects: What Canadians Need to Know
The main goal of chemotherapy is to destroy cancer cells. It does this by targeting cells that divide quickly — which is exactly …
Cancer
Cancer Pain Management: What Canadians Need to Know
Cancer pain has more than one cause. A tumour can press on bones, nerves, or nearby organs. This pressure creates pain that can …
Cancer
Cancer Pain: Causes, Treatment & Relief Options
Cancer pain is not the same for everyone. It can feel sharp and stabbing, like a sudden jolt.
Cancer
Benign vs Malignant Tumours: Key Differences Explained
When a doctor finds a tumour, it can feel frightening. However, not every tumour means cancer.
Cancer
Cancer Prevention: 12 Tips to Lower Your Risk
Your body is made up of trillions of cells. Normally, these cells grow, do their job, and then die in a controlled way.
Cancer
Chemotherapy: What Every Canadian Should Know
Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer drugs to target cells that grow and divide quickly. Cancer cells divide much faster than most …
Cancer
Cancer: What Every Canadian Should Know
Cancer develops when certain cells in the body start dividing in an uncontrolled way. Normally, cells grow, divide, and die in an …
Cancer
Tuberous Sclerosis: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
Tuberous sclerosis is a rare genetic disorder that triggers abnormal cell growth throughout the body.
Cancer
Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Skin Cancer Guide
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a form of skin cancer that starts in squamous cells. These are the thin, flat cells that make up …
Cancer
Kidney Cancer: Symptoms, Risks & Treatment in Canada
Your kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They sit on either side of your spine, toward the back of …
Cancer
Lung Cancer: Causes, Types & What Canadians Should Know
Lung cancer happens when cells inside the lungs grow out of control. These abnormal cells form a tumour that looks and behaves …
Cancer
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: What Canadians Should Know
Your lungs are two spongy organs sitting inside your chest, one on each side of your heart.
Cancer
Small Cell Lung Cancer: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Lung cancer develops when cells in the lung tissue begin to grow and divide in an uncontrolled way.
Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer: Symptoms, Types & Treatment
The pancreas is an organ tucked behind the stomach. It does two important jobs. It makes digestive enzymes that break down food, …
Cancer
Bone Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
Primary bone cancer starts in the cells of the bone itself. It is relatively rare, with only a small number of new cases diagnosed …
Cancer
Nasal Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
Nasal cancer refers to any cancer that starts inside the nose. This includes the nasal vestibule — the area just inside the …
Cancer
Breast Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Prevention Tips
Breast cancer begins when cells in the breast grow in an uncontrolled way. Normally, the body signals old or damaged cells to die …
Cancer
Stomach Cancer: Risks, Symptoms & When to Act
Stomach cancer, also called gastric cancer, happens when abnormal cells grow out of control in the lining of the stomach.
Cancer
Cancer Risk Factors: Your Questions Answered
Many Canadians have questions about cancer risk factors — and it can be hard to separate fact from fiction.
Cancer
Bladder Cancer: Symptoms, Risks & Treatment in Canada
Bladder cancer begins when cells lining the inside of the bladder develop changes in their DNA.
Cancer
Bladder Cancer: Stages, Symptoms & What to Expect
The bladder is a hollow, balloon-shaped organ in the lower abdomen. Its muscular walls expand when it stores urine and contract …
Cancer
Stomach Cancer: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The stomach is a muscular, bag-like organ located in the upper middle part of your abdomen, just below your ribs.
Cancer
Colon Cancer Diet: Foods That Help Fight & Prevent It
A colon cancer diet plays a powerful role in both preventing and managing colorectal cancer.
Cancer
Appendix Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
The appendix is a small, finger-shaped pouch attached to the large intestine. It sits in the lower right side of your abdomen.
Cancer
Adrenal Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
Your body has two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney. These glands produce important hormones that help control blood …
Cancer
Cancer: Causes, Types, and Warning Signs
Normally, your body’s cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly way. Cancer disrupts this process. Cells begin to multiply in an …
Cancer
Small Bowel Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
The small intestine is roughly six metres long and makes up more than 70% of the length of your digestive tract.
Cancer
Brachytherapy: Internal Radiation for Cancer
Brachytherapy is sometimes called internal radiation therapy. The word comes from the Greek word “brachy,” meaning short distance …
Cancer
Von Hippel-Lindau Disease: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
Von Hippel-Lindau disease — also called VHL disease or Hippel-Lindau syndrome — is a hereditary condition caused by a mutation in …
Cancer
Warning Signs of Cancer in Women Often Ignored
The warning signs of cancer in women are often easy to brush off as nothing serious. Bloating, fatigue, or a few extra pounds lost …
Cancer
Cancer Prevention: 10 Tips to Lower Your Risk
According to Health Canada, cancer is the leading cause of death in the country. About 1 in 2 Canadians will develop cancer in …